Permutation-lock.



No. 70$,ll52. Patented Aug. 5, I902.

' w BEEBE PERMUTATION LOCK.

(Application filed Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 27, 1901.)

I0 Shaets$heat I.

(No Model.)

IN VENTOH WITNESSES No. 708,!52. Pat ented Au I902 w. BEEBE.

PEBMUTATIUN LOCK.

(Application filed Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 27, 1901.)

W/ 77V E SSE S (No Model.)

n 706,!52. Patented Aug. 5, I902.

W. BEEBE.

PERMUTATION LOCK. (Application filed AngfiQ, 1899. Renewed Dec. 97,1901.)

- (in; Model.

No. 706,52. Patented Aug. 5, I902.

W. BEEBE;

PERMUTATION LOOK. (Application filed Aug. 29, 189 9. Renewed Dec. 27,1901.)

(No Madel.)

I0 Shoots-Sheet 5.

IN VENTOR WITNESSES I No. 706,52. Patented Aug. 5, I902. W. BEEBE.

PERMUTATION LOCK.

(Application filed Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 27, 1901.)

(No Model.)

W/TNESSES A 7'7'ORNEYS m: Noam: Pwzns c0;m-am'oumo.v WASHINGTON n. c

In. 7%,52. Patented Aug. 5,1902.

' W. BEEBE.

PERMUTATION LOCK. (Application filed Aug. 29; 189 9. Renewed Dec, 27,1901.)

I0 Sheets-Sheei 7.

(N0 Mbdol.)

INVENTOI? ma New: PETERS co woto umo. msnmcrow, a c.

Patented Aug. 5, I902. W. BEEBE.

PEBMUTATION LOCK.

(Application @led Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 27, 1901.)

I0 Sheets-Sheet ti,

(No Model.)

WVENTOP BY v A77 /vrs WITNESSES oRmS PETERS cu, Puma-urns" WASNWGTON, oc

Np. 7%,:52. Patented M91902. w. BEEBE. PERMUTATlON LOCK. Applicationfiled Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 27, 1901.) (No Model.) In Sheets-Sheet9.

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PEBMUTATION LOCK.

(Applitabion filed Aug. 29, 1899. Renewed Dec. 217, 190L) (No Model.) IDShaets$haet I0.

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ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM BEEBE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF 'lWVENTY-ONETHIRTIETHS TO JAMES M. DOREMUS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PERM UTATlON-LOCK.

sPECIFIO'ATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,152, dated August5, 1902. Application filed August 29, 1899. Renewed December 27, 1901.Serial No. 87,437- (No model.)

To all 2071,0171, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BEEBE, of the cityof New York, borough ofBrooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented anew and Improved Permutation- Lock, of which the following is a full,clear;

and exact description.

This invention relates to a permutationlock of that class in whichfinger-keys are provided for operating the lock, the invention beingarranged with such keys in connection with tumblers, the tumblerssupporting a lockplate which controls the bolt devices.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide a permutation-lockwhich is simple and consequentlyinexpensive in construction and at thesame time possessing all the qualities necessary to adapt it for use inevery case where the greatest security is desired; second, to provide alock which cannot be picked or forced by any of the various schemesemployed by burglars; third, to reduce the time required in operatingcombinationlocks; fourth, to provide a lock which 2 may be easilyoperated even in the dark, if necessary; fifth, to provide a combinationwhich is easily remembered, and, sixth, to simplify the method ofchanging the combination and to render the same impossible by 0unauthorized persons.

The novel construction of my device is such that it is impossible toobtain a clue to the combination by the sense of hearing, as no changeof position in any of the parts of the 5 lock can take place (hence nosound is produced) unless the entire combination is simultaneouslyoperated, and as the pressure required to depress the finger-keys whichoperate the combination-tumblers is the same as that required for theother finger-keys it will be readily understood that there can be noclue obtained by the sense of touch, and should an attempt be made toforce the look by driving in the finger-keys it would but serve to makethe look more secure, and as there is practically no limit to the numberof possible combinations which may be employed in connection with mydevice it would be the veriest folly to attempt to try them all.

Therefore the only Way in which a burglar could open a safe secured withmy device would be to completely Wreck the door with an explosive.

In operating the combinations of the locks which are used so extensivelyat present a certain length of time is required, which might seeminsignificantat the moment, but in the course of a year would aggregateseveral hours, if not days, and in instances where the operatorseyesight is impaired or his nerves unsteady the operation is renderedvery diiiicult, and perhaps even impossible; but with my invention suchobjectionable features are overcome, as the lock may be operated almostinstantly and even in the dark by any one knowing the combination.

To prevent tampering withthe lock or combination by evil-disposedpersons while the safe-door is temporarily open, I provide anarrangement whereby it is necessary to first throw the bolts into alocked position and again into an unlocked position (which of coursenecessitates a knowledge of the existing combination) before access canbe had to the parts of the lock necessary to change the combinationthereof, and when such parts are exposed the operation of changing thecombination requires simply a withdrawal and reversal of the tumblers,as is hereinafter explained, and the tumblers of the combination beingindicated by letters, which may be formed into words or initials or evenshort sentences, admits of the combination being easily committed tomemory.

This specification is the disclosure of several forms of my invention,while the claims define the actual scope thereof.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indi- 9ocate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure I is a front view of the invention as applied to a safe-door, towhich purpose the invention is especially applicable. Fig. 2 is avertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is an 5 enlarged sectionillustrating the keys, the tumblers, the lock-plates, and their coactingparts. Fig. 4: is a similar view of the parts in a different position.Fig. 5 is an enlarged front View of the finger-keys. Fig. 6 is a rearView of the block in which the finger-keys are mounted with thehereinaiter-doscribed a the slide that works therewith.

retaining-plate removed. Fig. 7 is a sectional perspective of themechanism shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 8 is a rear perspective view ofthe safe-door with the lock mechanism removed. Fig. 9 is a rearelevation of the safe-door, showing the tumblers exposed, permitting thecombination to be reset. Fig. 10 is a detail view of the lock-plate andof Fig. 11 is a view of the same parts in a different position. Fig. 12is a section on the line 12 12 of Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a section on theline 13 13 of Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is a detached rear face view of thelock-plate. Fig. 15 is a sectional View on the line 15 15 of Fig. 14.Fig. 16 is a section taken on the curved line 16 16 of Fig. 22. Fig. 17is a fragmentary view showing a part of the auxiliary door at the innerside of the safe-door. Fig. 18 is a detail section on the line 18 18 ofFig. 22. Fig. 19 is a detail showing means for holding thehereinafter-described closu re-block in place at the inside of the door.Fig. 20 is a side View of one of the tumblers. Fig. 21 is a top view ofone of the tumblers. Fig. 22 is a view of the door at the rear of thelock mechanism, said view showing the door closed. Fig. 23 is asectional view on the line 23 23 of Fig. 2, excepting that the lock isshown applied to double doors of a safe. Fig. 24 is aperspective view ofthe plate employed for securing the fingerkeys in place. Fig. 25 is arear elevation of one of the plates in which the bolts are carried. Fig.26 is a section on the line 26 26 of Fig. 25.. Fig. 27 is a section onthe line 27 27 of Fig. 25.

Fig. 28 is a'rear elevation of the plate which is situated immediatelyrearward of that shown in Fig. 25. Fig. 29 is a section on the line 2929 of Fig. 28. Figs. 30, 31, and 32 are sectional views showing amodification, the views representing the parts in three successiveoperations; and Figs. 33, 34, and are rear elevations of the parts shownin Figs. 30, 31, and 32 and showing the successive positions shown insaid Figs. 30, 31, and 32;

Assuming that the invention be applied to fireproof safes, as hereshown, the door of the safe is formed with a cavity 24 therein, thecavity opening at the back of the door. Secured in this cavity andbearing against the front wall of the door'is a block 25, formed with anumber of passages 26 therein, these passages registering with passages27, formed in the front of the door and receiving the finger-keys 28, bymeans of which the lock is operated. The passages 27 are countersunk attheir outer ends, so that the outer ends of the keys 28 may terminateflush with the outer surface of the door and yet be easily operated byinserting ones fingers into the countersunk portions of the passages 27.The passages 26 are counterbored at their inner ends to receive theheads 29 of the fingerkeys, such heads having feathers formedthereon,which slide in keyways formed in the block 25 to prevent therotation of the keys 28. The keys 28 are here shown as beingtwenty-seven in number, but this may be Varied at will, and arerespectively designated by the letters of the alphabet or othercharacters, if desired. Fastened in the cavity 24 of the door andagainst the inner face of the block 25 is a plate 30. This plate 30 hasan opening therein slightly smaller than the block 25, and in thisopening is set a plate 31, (see Fig. 24,) the plate 31 being fastened tothe block 25 and forming a part thereof. This plate 31 lies over thecounterbores of the passages 26 in the block 25 in the manner best shownin Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 7. The plate 31 has an orifice therein for eachpassage 26 of the block 25, and the plate 31 has nipples or bosses 31formed thereon respectively at the said orifices, such bosses projectinginto the counterbores of the passages 26, as shown, to limit theinwardmovement of the keys 28 and also to prevent the keys from being driveninward to smash the tumbler mechanism, which will be hereinafterdescribed. For the purpose of maintaining the keys 28 in their outwardposition I provide expansive spiral springs 41, which encircle thebosses 31 and bear between the keys 28 and plate 31. The spacesurrounding the block 25 and between the front wall of the door and theplate 30 is filled in with the usual fireproof filling.

.Two additional plates 32 and 33 (see Figs. 25 to 29) are secured in thecavity 24 at the rear of the plate 30. The plate 32 is formed with alongitudinally-disposed recess 32% formed at its intermediate portionwith a counterrecess 32". In this recess 32 is mounted thevertically-sliding lock-plate 34, which has an intermediately-situatedoffset 34, (see Figs. 2 and 15,) situated in the counter-reces's 32 Thefront face of the plate 33 is plane and bears true against the plates 32and 34. The plates 32, 33, and 34 at points respec tively alined withthe passages 26 of the block 25 are provided with a number ofverticallydisposed slots. The slots in the plate 32 are designated 35.In the plate 33 the slots are designated 37, and in the lock-plate 34the slots are designated 36. These slots 35, 36, and 37 carry thetumblers. (See Figs. 2, 3, 4, 7, 20, and 21.) The tumblers areduplicates in construction and comprise each two oppositelyprojectedfingers 38, a downwardly-projected ward 39, and an upwardly-projectedward 40, the ward 40 being approximately of one-half the width of theward 39. The tumblers are arranged as shown in the figures referred to,and each has its front finger 38 projected loosely through the orificesand bosses 31 of the plate 31 and engaged with the corresponding head 29of the finger-key 28. The inner fingers 38 of the tumblers projectloosely through a retaining-plate 42,which is fastened onto theclosure-block 44 and forms, essentially, a part thereof, the plate 42serving to hold in place certain parts which are carried on theclosure-block 44 and which will hereinafter be described. Beyond theplate 42 the inner fingers of the tumblers project into cavities 43,formed in the closure-block 44, which is set into the heavy door-plate45 of the door, such plate 45 being in turn set into the inner portionof the cavity 24 of the door. The cavities 43 are provided withexpansive springs 46, which press follower-blocks 47, thefollower-blocks in turn engaging the respective inner fingers of thetumblers, serving to push the tumblers forwardly against the plate 31,so that the outer fingers 38 of the tumblers will be in position to beengaged by the fingerkeys 28. The tumblers stand vertically in theplates 32, 33, and 34, and certain of these tumblers when set to thecombination serve normally to hold the lock-plate 34 raised in theposition shown in Figs. 2 and 3. It will be seen that the upper ward 40of each tumbler is located out of the vertical center of the tumblers,and the tumblers are thus constructed so that they may be reversed intheir position with respect to the plates 32, 33, and 34. Thecombination of the lock is supposed to be made up of a number ofletters. This combination may be composed of any number of charactersnot exceeding the number of fingers on a persons hands. The tumbler ofeach letter of the combination is arranged in the plates 32, 33, and 34reversibly with respect to the other tumblers.

Referring now to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, let it be assumed that the uppertumbler and the lower tumbler are members of the combination and thatthe middle tumbler is not involved in the combination. The upper andlower tumblers therefore are arranged with their wards 40 inward or atthe right, and the middle tumbler is arranged with its ward 4O outwardor at the left. Referring now to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the plate34 is supported by the wards 40 of the upper and lower tumblers.Therefore should these tumblers be pushed inward or to the right of saidfigure the plate will drop, as shown in Fig. 4. It will also be seenthat the ward 40 of the middle tumbler in Fig. 3 lies at the front ofthe plate 34, and should this middle tumbler be pushed inward or to theright the ward 40 thereof will pass into the slot 36 of the plate 34 andprevent the fall thereof. Now it may be understood that should all ofthe tumblers which compose the combination be simultaneously pushedinward or to the right the plate 34 will drop; but it is clear thatthese tumblers composing the combination must all be pushed at once andthat no other tumbler must be pushed with them. The tumblers are pushedin through the medium of the finger-pieces 28, and the operator knowingthe combination places his fingers upon the appropriate keys 28, thusmoving the tumblers inward and permitting the lock-plate 34 to drop.

The lock-plate 34 is formed with a transverse groove 43 in its rear faceat the offset 34, such groove 48 having an inclined or cam-shaped upperedge. (See Fig. 14.) The plate 32 is formed With a groove 49, whichextends across the cavity 32 32 of the plate 32 (see Figs. 25, 26, and27) and registers with the groove 48 in the lock-plate 34. These grooves48 and 49 carry a slide 50, (see Figs. 10 and 11,) which has a rack 51formed thereon, the rack meshing with a pinion 52, mounted in a cavity52 on the plate 32 and operated by means of a handle 53, located on theoutside of the door. (See Fig. 1.) By means of this handle 53 the pinion52 may be turned and the slide 50 thrown back and forth between thepositions shown in Figs. 10 and 11.

The upper edge of the slide 50 is formed with an inclined or cam-shapedportion 54, which is adapted to work with the inclined upper edge of thegroove 43 in the plate 34, so that when the lock-plate drops to theposition shown in Fig. 7 and the slide 50 is thrown from the positionshown in Fig. 10 to that shown in Fig. 11 the plate 34 will be raisedfrom the position shown in Fig. 7 to its uppermost position, asillustrated in Fig. 11. The lock-plate 34 is further provided with aU-shaped groove 55, communicating with the groove 48 and carrying twodogs 56, pressed upward by a bowspring 57. Mounted on axes 58, whichbear in the plates 33 and 45, are two wheels 59 and 60. Theplate 33 isformed at each corner with a rearwardly-disposed enlargement 33, (seeFigs. 28and 29,)

the enlargements having arc-shaped inner edges conforming to but notcoming in contact with the peripheries of wheels 59 and 60. The plate 45bears against the enlargements 33 of the plate 33,which enlargementsslightly exceed in thickness the wheels 59 and 60, allowing sufficientspace between the plates 33 and 45 for the free action of said wheels.The wheels 59 and 60have intersecting peripheries, (see Figs. 2 and 23,)the thickness of the rims of the wheels being reduced at theintersecting points to permit the main portions of the wheels to lie inthe same plane and also to allow them to turn slightly to throw thebolts. The wheels 59 and 60 are connected with the slide 50, so as to bemoved thereby, by means of the pin 61, attached to the slide andprojecting through a slot 33 in the plate 33 and engaging the wheels 59and 60 by means of radially-elongated slots formed in said wheels.Therefore the movement of the slide 50 will cause the wheels 59 60 toturn slightly on their axes. The Wheels 59 60 have tangentiallydisposedslots 62 formed therein, such slots receiving pins 63, fastened to thefiat platelike heads 64 of the bolts 66 of the lock, which heads 64slide in cavities 65, formed in the plate 33. The bolts 66 are heldtoslide in the main body of the door, and their inner ends are mounted toslide in grooves 32, formed in the plate 32. As may be understood fromFigs. 2 and 25 to 29, the plate 33 bears against the plate 32, causingtheopenings 65 of the former to register with the grooves 32 of thelatter. Each bolt at the side of the door is provided with anindependent head 64; but the top bolts (being two IIO in number) areprovided with a head 64 common to both, and consequently the top opening65 reaches over both of the top grooves 32. The arrangement of thebottom bolts is the same.

When the slide 50 is thrown, the wheels 59 and 60 are turned through themedium of the pin 61, and these wheels, through the medium of the. slots62 and pins 63, move the heads 64 in the cavities 65 and throw the bolts66. The dogs 56 when thrown upward by the spring 57, as shown in Fig.10, enter recesses 67, formed in the slide 50, and hold the slideagainst movement. When the plate 34 drops as the tumblers are pushed in,it carries with it the dogs 56 and disengages the dogs from the recessesin the slide 50. This permits the slide tobe thrown to the positionshown in Fig. 11, which serves not only to raise the lock-plate, andthus reset the tumblers, but also to throw the wheels 59 and 60 and todraw the bolts 66; but it will be observed that when the parts areinthis position the dogs 56 are not engaged in the recesses 67, andtherefore that the slide 50 is still free to return. When thefinger-keys 28 are pushed in, the springs 41 immediately act to returnthe keys to their outward position, thus preventing persons fromdetecting the combination. The tumblers which were pressed in by thekeys 28 to permit the lock-plate 34 to drop are held at their innerposition during the time such plate is lowered by reason of saidlock-plate dropping in front of the upwardly-projecting Wards of saidtumblers,and the tumblers remain in such inner position against thetension of the springs 46 until the plate 34 is moved up. Then thetumblers affected are automatically pushed out by the springs 46 and theupwardly-projecting Wards of the tumblers enter the slots 36 of theplate 34 to hold the same in its raised position. The normal or lockedposition of the parts, therefore, is that shown in-Figs. 2, 3, and 10.The operator knowing they combination pushesin the proper keys and thecombination-tumblers are thrown inward, permitting the plate 34 to drop,as shown in Fig. 7. This releases the dogs 56 from their engagement withthe slide 50 and permits the'slide to be moved to'turn the wheels 59 60and Withdraw the bolts, the movement of the slide simultaneouslyreturning the plate 34 and the tumblers to their normal position, itbeing understood that the finger-keys 28 return immediately after beingreleased by the operator.

Referring to Fig. 23, it will be seen that the wheel 60 has its lowerportion formed with an enlarged orifice 60 in its Web. As theretaining-plate 42 of the closure-block 44 lies in the same plane as thewheels 59 and 60 whenthe parts are assembled (see Figs. 2, 3, and 4) itwill be understood that the purpose of the orifice 60, which is of theproper size and form, is to permit the necessary movement of the wheel60.

' The closure-block 44 is held removably in the heavy back plate 45 ofthe door by means of a disk 68, which is mounted to turn in a plate 69,fastened to and forming part of the plate 45 and located directlyrearward of the same. This disk 68 has a rectangular opening 70 formedtherein, such opening corresponding with the size of the block 44. (Seefull and dotted lines in Fig. 19.) To hold the block 44 in place, thedisk 68 should be moved to throw the opening 70 thereof vertically, asshown in Fig. 19, and to permit the removal of the block 44 the disk 68should be moved a quarter-turn, thus causing the walls of the opening 70to coincide with the side edges of the block 44 and permitting thewithdrawal of the block. The retaining-plate 42 being attached to theblock 44, this retaining-plate is drawn out with the block, thusexposing the plate 33 and the tumblers, permitting the tumblers to beremoved and adjusted to reset the combination, as will be fullydescribed hereinafter. As shown in Figs. 9, 23, and 28, the plate 33 isprovided with characters designating the slots therein in conformitywith the arrangement of characters on the finger-keys to facilitatechanging the combination. The disk 68 is provided with a small bolt 71,which is capable of working with either one of two keepers 72, formed inthe plate 69, whereby to hold the disk 68 in the desired position. Theinner most plate 73 is fastened to the plates 69 and 45, such parts allforming a rigid structure. This plate 73 has a rectangular opening 74formed therein. (See Fig. 9.) This opening is normally closed by a door75, which is hinged to the plate 73 and has its free portion providedwith an inwardly-extending staple 76, which is adapted to projectthrough openings formed in the plates 69, 45, and 33, so that the staple76 may be in the path of a bolt 77, attached to and moving with theslide 50. When the slide 50 is thrown to the position shown in Fig. 10,which is to say the locked position, the bolt 77 engages the staple 76and secures the door in closed position. The door 75 is further held inclosed position by means of a circular center piece or disk 78, which ismounted in the door and forms part thereof, the disk being capable ofturning in the door and being provided with a handle 79 for facilitatingthe operation thereof. This disk is provided on its inner face with anumber of keyhole-slots 80, respectively worked with headed pins 81,attached to the plate 69. When the door is closed, the heads of the pins81 enter the enlarged portions of the slots 80, and when the disk 78 isturned the narrowed portions of the slots pass beneath the heads of thepins 81, and thus secure the door 75 in a closed position; but when thedisk 78 is turned to the other position the slots in the disk will be inposition to release the pins, and the door 75 may be thrown to openposition. For the purpose of holding the disk 78 in the position shownin Figs. 9 and 17 I provide a IIO latch 82, which is pivoted in a cavityformed in the door 75 and which when the door is opened drops into acorresponding cavity formed in the disk 78, as shown in Figs. 9 and 17,thus preventing movement of the disk 78; but when the door is closed thelatch 82 engages a detent 83, attached to the plate 69, thus throwing upthe latch 82 and releasing the disk 78. Now in order to prevent theturning of the disk 78 to release the headed pins 81 from the slots SOIprovide a pin 83, which is mounted to move in a horizontally-extendedpassage 8 formed in the plate 45 and which has a collar 85, againstwhich presses a spring 86, the spring tending to throw the pin towardthe disk 78 and the pin projecting through the plate 69, as shown. Thedisk 78 is formed with two openings 87 therein, such openings beingcountersunk at their outer ends to allow for the movement of onesfingers when pushing in the pin 83. The innor side of the disk isprovided with cavities 88,having inclined walls leading,respectively, tothe openings 87, so that when the pin 83 is pushed in and while the disk78 is being turned the end of said pin, through the medium of the spring86, will first press against the inwardly-inclined wall of said cavitiesand thence against the outwardly-inclined wall, and, finally, when theopening 87 comes opposite the pin said pin will slip automatically intosaid opening. It is arranged, however, that the pin 83 cannot be movedin except when the parts are in a locked position. (See Figs. 2 and 3.)The pin projects through a concentric slot in the web of the wheel 59and through an opening 89 in the plate 33. The slide 50 is formed withan opening 90 therein which registers with opening 89 when the slide 50is in locked position, and the lockplate 34 has an opening 91 thereinwhich registers with the openings 89 and J0 when the lock-plate andslide are in locked position. Therefore it will be seen that the pin 83cannot be pushed in to release the disk 78 until the parts 34: and 50are in locked position. The purpose of the parts 68 and 75 is to permitthe removal of the block 44: for the purpose of changing thecombination, and when such is desired the bolts must first be thrownoutwardly or to the locked position. Then the operator may press in thepin 83 and turn the disk 78, thus causing one of the openings 87 tobecome disengaged from said pin 83, and when the other opening 87 comesopposite the pin 83 said pin will automatically slip into the opening,when the disk 78 will be in the necessary position for the enlarged endof the keyhole-slot 80 in said disk to become disengaged from the headedpins 81; but as the bolts are still in the locked position the staple orkeeper 76 is also still engaged by the bolt 77 of the slide 50, andtherefore the door 75 cannot be opened until the bolts are thrown backagain to the unlocked position, (which of course necessitates thepushing of the proper finger-keys) when the bolt 77 of the slide 50 willrelease the staple 76 and the door 75 will then be free to open.Finally, the disk 68 should be turned from the position shown in Fig. 19to that shown in Fig. 9, thus permitting the block 44,with its attachedplate 42, to be withdrawn from the plate 45. This exposes the tumblersand permits the operator to adjust them and to change the combination inany desired manner.

The invention may be applied either to douhis or single doors, asdesired. In Figs. 1, 8, and 9 it is shown on a single door; but in Fig.23 I have shown it on a double door. When so arranged, it is onlynecessary to provide one look proper, as shown at the left of Fig. 23.At theright of such figure or at the other door of the same I onlyprovide bolts 66, which are operated by wheels and 59, such wheels beingin turn driven by means similar to those before described. The bolts 66and 66 at the meeting edges of the two doors abut against each other, asshown in the drawings, and the slots 62 of the wheels 59 and 60 are soarranged that the bolts 66 at the meeting edges of the second door areshot outward when the other bolts 66 are withdrawn. Since the bolts 66and 66 at the meeting edges of the doors abut against each other andsince the bolts 66 at the meeting edge move outward as the other bolts66 move vinward, it will be understood that the bolts 66 cannot beoperated until the bolts 66 are withdrawn, which of course cannot takeplace until the lock at the left of Fig. 25 is operated. Therefore inusing the invention as arranged in Fig. 23 the door at the right of suchview is first closed and its bolts shot. Then the door at the left isclosed and its bolts shot in the manner previously described. The bolts66 will now act to prevent the withdrawal of the bolt 66, and in openingthe safe the left-hand door (see Fig. 23) must be first opened and thenthe right-hand door may be opened.

If desired, two sets of tumblers may be 6111- ployed, thus enabling twoseparate combinations to be used. This arrangement and the operationsthereof are shown in Figs. 30 to 35. Two complete sets of finger-keysare employed, (which keys, being duplicates of those in the otherfigures, are not shown.) These keys are arranged to work with thecorresponding tumblers. The plates 32, 33, and 34 are of theconstruction hereinbefore described, except that they are provided withan increased number of orifices to accommodate the increased number oftumblers, such orifices being divided into two equal groups andarranged, respectively, above and below the slide 50, and the blocks 25and 44, with their plates 31 and 42, are duplicated for the tion as inthe single-combination form of my invention. The tumblers 96 and 97 ofthe double-combination form are constructed as hereinbefore described;but the two sets of tumblers in Figs. 30 to 35 varyin the length oftheir upperwards. Theupperwardsofthetumblers 96 are short and those ofthe tumblers 97 are long. The orifices 35, 36, and 37 of each group areconstructed of such size as to permit the tumblers 96 and 97 to befreely interchanged from one orifice to another and from one group tothe other. In setting the two combinations one is composed of certain ofthe tumblers 96 and the other of certain of. the tumblers 97. Eachcombination may have some of its elements in one group of tumblers andsome in another, or, ifdesired, each combination may be placedexclusively in one group. In the drawings, Figs. 30 to 32, I have shownelements of both combinations in each group. When in locked position,the lock-plate 34: is sustained by the upper wards of the tumblers 97,(see Fig. 30,) and in operating the two-combination form of theinvention'the tumblers 97 are operated first, permitting the lock-plate34 to fall to the position shown in Fig. 31, in which it rests upon theupper wards of the tumblers 96. Then the tumblers 96 areoperated,permitting the lock-plate 34; to continue its fall to the lowermostposition. (See Fig. 32.) To insure the prompt action of thelock-plate,'a spring 98 may be employed. (See Figs. 33 to 35.) Figs. 33,34, and 35 show in rear elevation the three posit-ions of the lock-plateand of its dogs 56. It will be observed that the base of the groove 55is constructed deeper than inthe singlecombination form to permittheincreased rela tive movement between the lock-plate and (logs. ltwill also be observed that the first fall of the lock-plate, Fig. 34,serves to partly disengage the dogs 56 from the recesses 67 and that thesecond and last fall of the lockplate, Fig. 35, serves to complete thisdisengagement; otherwise the operation of the parts is the same as thatof the single-combination form.

It will be observed that when my invention is applied to a safe-door, ashere shown, all the parts of the lock are incased in the door. No partsare exposed except the door 75 and the finger-keys 28. By countersinkingthe passages 27 the keys 28 are made to terminate flush with the frontsurface of the door, and yet it is possible to readily push the keys in,as illustrated best in Fig. 7. In Fig. 2 I have indicated'at 95 portionsof the.body of the safe, from which it will be seen that should force beapplied to the finger-keys 28 to drive them in this force will betransmitted to the several plates 31, 32, 33, 45, 69, and 73 and bythese to the body of the safe. Thereby I attain the greatestpossibleresistingstrength for the structure and render it impossible to force anentrance into the safe without smashing the entire fabric of the door.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In apermutation-lock, the combination of finger-keys, tumblers actuatedthereby, a lock-plate sustained by. the tumblers, a slide controlled bythe lock-plate and a bolt having connection with the slide to beactuated therefrom. v

2. In a permutation-lock, the combination of finger-keys, tumblersactuated thereby, a lock-plate held by the tumblers, a slide controlledby the lock-plate, and a bolt actuated by the slide.

3. In a permutation-lock, the combination of finger-keys, tumblersactuated thereby, a lock-plate sustained in locked position by thetumblers, a bolt, and means for throwing the same such means beingreleased by the fall of the lock-plate.

4. In a lock for safe-doors, the combination with adoor havinga cavitytherein, of a block mounted in the cavity, finger-keys mounted to movein the block and in the front Wall of the door, plates mounted rigidlyin the cavity of the door rearward of the block and having slots thereinregistering with the finger-keys, a vertically-sliding lock-platemounted between the rigid plates, tumblers mounted in the slots of therigid plates and working with the lock-plate, the tumblers beingactuated by the finger-keys, and bolt mechanism controlled by thelock-plate.

5. In a lock for safe-doors, the combination with the door having acavity formed therein and opening at the rear thereof, of a blockmounted in the cavity and bearing'against the front wall of the door,finger-keys mounted to move in the block and in the front wall of the.door, a number of rigid plates mounted in thecavity rearward of theblock and having slots registering withthe finger-keys, a lock-platemounted to move vertically between the rigid plates, tumblers mounted inthe slots of the rigid plates and coacting with the lock-plate, thetumblers being actuated from the finger-keys, a slide controlled by thelock-plate, and bolt mechanism actuated by the slide.

6. In a lock, the combination of an actuated lock-plate, aspring-pressed dog carried thereon, a slide mounted to move relativelyto the lock-plate and normally held by the dog, the movement of thelock-plate releasing the dog from the slide, and bolt mechanism havingconnection with the slide to be actuated thereby.

7. In a lock, the combination of an actuated sliding lock-plate having agroove in the face thereof, a slide movable through the groove, aspring-pressed dog carried by the lock-plate and engaging the slide tohold the same, and bolt mechanism having connection with the slide.

8. In a lock,the combination of a lock-plate, means for holding thelock-plate and for permitting the same to drop, a slide movablerelatively to the lock-plate, a dog carried by the lock-plate andengaging the slide to hold the same, and bolt mechanism havingconnection with the slide.

9. In alock, the combination of an actuated lock-plate, a slide movablerelatively thereto and held thereby when the lock-plate is in a certainposition, the lock-plate moving from said position to release the slide,and bolt mechanism having connection with the slide.

10. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a vertically'movablelock-plate, tumblers normally sustaining the same, means for acactuatingthe tumblers to release the lockplate, a slide movable relatively to thelockplate, the slide being held by the lock-plate when the lock plate isin raised position, and bolt mechanism having connection with the slide.

11. In a lock, the combination of a bolt, a

swinging member having a tangential slot therein, the slot receiving aportion of the bolt to impart movement to the bolt, a slide having a pinengaging said member to move the same, and a pinion meshing withrackteeth on the slide, whereby to drive the slide.

12. The combination with two doors closing the one against the other, ofbolts mounted in each door, the meeting edges of the doors having each abolt, which bolts oppose each other, and the bolts of the first doorbeing arranged so that the bolt at the meeting edge thereof will moveoutward when the other bolts of the said first door move inward, meansfor operating the bolts of the said first door, and permutation-lookmechanism for operating the bolts of the second door.

13. The combination with a door 'having permutation-lock mechanisminclosed therein, of a block serving to cover such mechanism andremovably seated in a rear portion of the door, and an orificed diskmounted to turn in the rear portion of the door, the disk in oneposition serving to hold the block and in the other position serving topermit the removal thereof.

14:. The combination with a door having permutation-lock mechanisminclosed therein, of a member removably seated in a rear portion of thedoor and serving to cover the lock mechanism, and a locking disk ormember mounted to turn in the rear portion of the door and serving toremovably hold the firstnamed member in place.

15. The combination with a main portion or support, of a door mountedthereon, a disk mounted to turn on the door and having a keyhole-slottherein, and a headed pin carried by the main portion or support andengaging in the keyhole-slot to hold the door in closed position untilthe disk is turned to dis engage the pin from the walls of thekeyholeslot.

16. The combination with a door having lock mechanism inclosed therein,of an auxiliary door mounted on the main door and covering the lockmechanism, a disk mounted to turn in the auxiliary door and having akeyhole-slot therein, and a headed pin carried on the main door andengaging the walls of the keyhole-slot to hold the auxiliary doorclosed.

17. The combination with a door having permutation-lock mechanisminclosed therein, of an auxiliary door mounted on the main door, a diskmounted to turn on the auxiliary door, a pin carried by the main doorand engaged by the disk, the pin serving to hold the auxiliary doorclosed, the disk being capable of disengaging the pin by a turningmovement of the disk, and a spring-pressed pin carried in the main doorand removably en gaging the disk to prevent the turning thereof, thesaid spring-pressed pin coacting with parts of the permutation-lock,thus preventing the releasing movement of said pin except when the lockis in a certain predetermined position.

18. The combination with a main portion orsupport, of a door mountedthereon, a member mounted to turn in the door, a latch pivotally mountedon the door and engaging the member to hold the same, and a cam-shapeddetent mounted on the main portion or support and engaged by the latchwhen the door is thrown to closed position, whereby to move the latchfrom engagement with the disk.

19. The combination with a door having perm utation-lock mechanismcontained therein, of an auxiliary door mounted on the main door, andmeans for holding the auxiliary door closed, such means being controlledby the lock mechanism and being releasable only when the lock mechanismis in a certain predetermined position..

20. The combination with a door having permutation-lock mechanismcontained therein, of an auxiliary door mounted on the main door, andtwo independently-operative devices for holding the auxiliary doorclosed, such devices ooacting with the lock mechanism and each beingoperative only when the lock mechanism is in a certain predeterminedposition, the one of such auxiliary-door-holding devices being operativeduring the time that the other of such devices is inoperative.

21. The combination with a door having countersunk passages in the frontwalls thereof, of permutation-lock mechanism contained in the door, andfinger-keys mounted in. the passages of the door to actuate the lockmechanism, the finger-keys normally lying flush with the front surfaceof the door.

22. A permutation-lock, having tumblers each having two wardsrespectively projecting upward and downward, the. upper ward being of awidth reduced over that of the lower ward, and the lower ward beinglonger than the upper ward, and the tumblers also having twooppositely-projected fingers extending from the tumblers at the junctureof the wards thereof.

23. A permutation-lock having a tumbler constructed with two wardsrespectively projected upward and downward, the edges of the ward at oneside of the tumbler being in IIO alinement with each other, and theupper ward being of a width reduced over that of the lower ward, and thetumbler having two oppositely-projected fingers extending from thetumbler at the juncture of the wards thereof. Y

24. In a permutation-lock, the combination with a bolt and mechanismconnected therewith for throwing the same, of means serving to controlsaid mechanism for throwing the bolt, tumblers controlling said means,each tumbler having two wards respectively projected upward anddownward, the upper ward being of a width reduced over that of the lowerward, and the lower ward being longer than the upper ward, and thetumblers hav- 26. The combination with a door having lock mechanism, ofan auxiliary door mounted on the main door to cover the lock mechanism,and means for holding the auxiliary door closed, such means beingcontrolled by the lock mechanism.

27. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a lock-plate, tumblerscontrolling the lockplate, a bolt, and means for throwing the bolt, suchmeans being controlled by the lock-plate.

28. In a perm utation-lock, the combination of tumblers, a lock-platecontrolled by the tumblers, a bolt, and means for throwing the bolt,such means comprising a sliding memberimparting movement to the bolt,the movement of the sliding member being controlled by the lock-plate.

29. In a permutation-lock, the combination of tumblers, a lock-platecontrolled thereby, a bolt, and means for throwing the bolt, such meanscomprising relatively movable parts through which is transmitted themovement to throw the bolt, one of the parts being controlled by thelock-plate.

WILLIAM BEEBE.

Witnesses:

ISAAC B. OWENS, JNo. M. BITTER.

